Windmill



3 Sheets-Sheet 1.k G. H. POE.

WINDMILL.

(No Model.)

No. 318,498. Patented' May 26, 1885.

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(No Model.) 3 Sheets- Sheet i2.

Gu H. POE.

WINDMILL.

No. 318,498. Patented May Z6, 1885.

ZW/y2 (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

G. H. POB.

WIND MILL.

No. 318,498. Patented May Z6, 1885.

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GEORGE HENRY POE, OF ROUNDHEAI), OHIO.

WINDMILL.

:f-PECIFEICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 318,498, dated May 26, 1885.

Application ined september 23, 1834. (No model.)

.To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, GEORGE H. Pon, a citizen of the United States, residing at Roundhcad, in the county of Hardin and State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Improvement in VZindmills, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to windmills; and it has for its object to provide an improved means for governing the same, whereby when the speed of the mill increases above the maximum point a set of devices will be automatically thrown into operation to cause the turning of a shield to protect the wheel from the full force of the wind, and thus decrease the speed of the mill, and when this is aecomplished to return the shield to its original position.

A further object of the invention is to provide means for either automatically or manually turning the shield around to protect the wheel during a heavy storm.

/Vith these and other objects in view the said invention consists in certain details of construction and combination of parts, as hereinafter set forth, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a perspective view of my invention. Eig. 2 is a plan view of the same, showing the shield thrown around to protect the wheel during a storm. Fig. 3 is a vertical longitudinal section on the line a: x, Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on the line g/ y, Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a detail view.

Like letters are used to indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.

Referring to the drawings, A designates the frame-work or tower of the mill, consistingof four vertical posts, a, joined together by horizontal bars Z), a central cross-bar, c, eX- tending across and connecting the horizontal bars.

Secured to the upper face ofthe central crossloar, c, is a bracket or plate, B, having a recess or depression, d, in the center, forminga step-bearing for the lower end of the rotary main shaft O. IThe latter is arranged in avertical position, and passes upward through an opening, e, in a cross-bar, f, which connects the upper horizontal bars, Z), the upper end of blades or buckets are independent'of each other, and are connected together by the edges of one blade lapping the adjacent edges of the other, as shown in Fig. 5. The form of the blades or buckets is substantially semi-elliptical, one side, g, being longer and less rounded than the other side, h, so that the wind will be allowed to strike the rounded shorter side, 71 with its full force.

I do not wish to be limited to any particular manner of attaching the blades to the rings, so I have not thought it necessary to show any particular means, since such may be varied at will without materially affect-ing the operation of the wheel. l

Above the wheel I a band or collar, J, is it-ted on [the main shaft C, and is provided with a series of radial downwardly-extending braces, K K, which are secured at their lower ends to the arms E of the wheel, and thus serving as an efiicientbrace for the same.

To the upper face of the cross-hanf is attached a plate, I, having a dished flange, j, formed in its upper face, a conical collar or projection, 7c, extending up from the flange and provided with a central opening for the passage of the main shaft. loosely on the projection 7a, and is arranged on the main shaft between the hub D and the cross-bar f, the lower edge of the sleeve re volving within the dished flange j. Said sleeve K has an annular band, L, formed therewith, and thus providing a hub for a series of horizontal radial arms, Z, the latter being four in number and operating beneath the wind-wheel. Two of the arms Z have their ends extending upward, as at Z', to receive the ends of a shield, M, quadrantal in form, which covers one-fourth of the edge of the wheel, the turning of the shield to cover the portion of the wheel being acted upon causing the stoppage of the same. One of the other arms Z is also extended upward, as at Z', to

A sleeve, K', turns' ICO form a support for a cylindrical chamber or casing, N, which is open at both ends, and provides a receptacle for a weight, O, which is connected with the vane by a cord, P, in the manner presently to be described. Mounted in the extension Z, above the chamber or casing N, is a pulley, Q, over which the cord passes. The remaining arm Z has an upward extension, m, at the outer end, to the upper end of which extension is fitted the outer end of a horizontal arm, R, the latter turning at its inner end on the main shaft.

S designates a vane having its wings a attached to vert-ical bars o and converging in ward, the inner ends of the vane having perforated brackets T attached thereto and swinging on the extension m between suitable stop-lugs. To one of the wingsn is attached a staple or eye, p, to which the end of the cord or rope l? is attached, the turning of the vane causing the cord or rope to work over the pulley Q, and raise the weight, the latter serving to automatically return the parts to their normal positions.

An angle-plate, U, is attached to the eXtension m, and is arranged in such a manner that one of its arms forms a stop for the vane when the latter is forced around by the Wind, while the other arm provides a similar stop when the weight holds the vane in its normal position.

A rod, V, extends upward from the vane S and carries a smaller vane, W, the central portion of the rod yhaving a prolongation, g,

` from which. projects an upwardly-extending g Zonta-l arm R, and a rod, Y, is attached to the standard at one end,and has its other end slotted to receive a pin, t, connecting the outwardly-extending branches of a ring, Z. Thel latter is tted in a recessed pori ion of a sleeve, A2, forming the base of the governor B2, the upper end of the sleeve having the arms C2 pivoted thereto and to the arms D2, which carry the balls or weights E2, the upper ends of the arms D2 being pivoted to a cross-head, F2, which is fixed on the maiirshaft.v The sleeve A2 works on the said main shaft, and is separated from the Aarm R by a fixed cap or collar, G2.

On the lower end of the main shaft C, between the cross-barsf c, is fixed a gear-wheel, H2, receiving motion from the main shaftand communicating it to a pair of pinions, 1212, on the inner ends of transx'erse shafts J2, the outer ends of which have band-wheels K2. One of the band-wheels may be connectedby a loandl with a rotary churn or corn -shelling machine, and the other may have a wrist-pin to connect with a pitman to operate a pump. This, however, I dov not claim and have not shown, since I may make other uses ofthepower derived from the windmill, as I may deem necessary or desirable. The shafts J2 of the bandwheels are mounted in one of the horizontal bars b of the tower, and also in a hinged beam, u', the front ends of which are connectedA by rods n n through ropes with Vhand-levers w w, which are pivoted together and to the posts a of the tower. It will be seen that by the operation of any one or both of said hand-levers the hinged beam u is forced down to withdraw any one or both of the pinions I2 from engagement with the gear-wheel H2, or forced up to bring the pinions into engagement with the latter.

To one of the tower-posts a is pivoted a bellcrank lever, L2, one end of which has a rope, M2, attached thereto and extending down to the ground, the other end working in a guidebracket, N2, and adapted to engage with one ofthe arms Z ofthe shield M, tothrow the latter around to cover the wheel at the point where the wind strikes.

The operation of my invention will be readily understood from the foregoing description, taken in connection with the annexed drawings.

In its normal position the shield M covers one-fourth of the circumference of .the wheel, but does not cover that portion of the wheel which receives the force of the wind. In thev operative position the vanes are arranged as seen in Fig. 1. As will be seen,the wind strikes the blades or buckets of the wheel,and by the peculiar shape of the blades or buckets theyl catch the direct force ofthe wind and it is revolved in a horizontal path, imparting a rotary motion to the main shaft C. The gearwheel on the lower portion of the latter transmits this Inotion to the pinions I2 to vrevolve the band-wheels K2, for the purpose hereinbefore stated. By this arrangement the wind.v

mill maybe used to supply power for a' vaA riety of purposes. By the revolution of the main shaft C the governor is turned likewise, and as the speed of the shaft increases by the increased revolution of the wheel the balls` The IOO

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partial movement of the large vane causes the shield M to be carried around to partly cover that portion of the wheel being acted upon by the wind, and thus the rapidity of the motion ofthe wheel will be decreasedto correspondingly decrease the motion of the main shaft, the governor balls or weights dropping l' This arrangement provides an automatic turning of the vane to partly cover the windwheel where the direct force of the wind strikes, so as to decrease the speed of the wheel, and when this is accomplished to return the parts to their normal positions.

In the case of a heavy storm the large vane will be struck by thewind and swung around on the extension m, so as to draw the weight O up in the casing N, and when the large vane has reached the limit of its movement the small vane is caused to present its face to the direct action of the wind, as seen in Fig. 2. The wind blowing on the small Vane carries the shield around to entirely cover that portion of the wiudwheel which receives the direct force of the wind. Thus the wheel will be protected during storms or high winds, and when the force of the storm has been spent the weight O will draw on the vanes and restore the latter and the shield to their original positions. In this manner the mill will be protected during astorm, so as not to get out of order.

When it is desirable to shut off the mill, the cord M2, which reaches down to the ground, may be operated to oscillate the bell-crank lever L2 to strike one of the arms Z of the shield and force the latter around to cover that portion of the wheel which receives the action of the wind. The wheel will then cease to move, and by reversing the action the shield will be restoredA to its normal position.

It will be understood that the position of the vanes is such that they will regulate the position of the shield to accord with the direction of the wind-that is, the vanes will swing the shield around as the wind changes.

It will be seen that by the construction described I am enabled to provide an improved form of mill, which will be automatically governed in its speed, which maybe used to transmit power for a variety of purposes, which will be self-regulating, which will not be injured during a heavy wind or storm, which will not get out of order, and which possesses other advantages not necessary to mention here.

Having described my invention, I claim- 1. In a windmill, the combination, with the main shaft mounted in the tower, of the windwheel secured in the shaft and comprising a hub, radial arms or spokes, concentric rings or bands attached to the latter, one within the other, and blades or buckets arranged in a horizontal plane between the rings or bands and resting on and secured to t-he latter, as set forth.

2. In awindmill, the combination, with the main shaft, of the wind-wheel secured on the same and comprising a hub, arms or spokes, and concentric rings or bands, and blades or buckets, semi-elliptical in form, arranged between the rings in a horizontal plane, the blades or buckets being secured at their ends to the outer ring or band, and at or about their centers to the inner ring or band, as set forth.

3. In a windmill, the combination, with the main shaft, of the wind-wheel attached to the latter and having a series of blades or buckets which are semielliptical in form, said blades being fitted in place independent of each other, the edges of the adjacent blades being lapped over and secured to form a complete connection throughout the series, as set forth.

4:. In a windmill, the combination, with the main shaft mounted in the tower, of the windwheel attached to the main shaft and arranged in ahorizontal plane, and consisting of a hub, radial arms or spokes projecting therefrom, concentric rings attached to the arms, blades or buckets semielliptical in form and attached to the rings, the adjacent edges of the blades being lapped over and secured, and a band or collar fixed ou the main shaft and having bracing-arms for the spokes of the wind-wheel, as set forth.

5. In a windmill, the combination, with the main shaft, of the wind-wheel arranged in a horizontal plane, and a shield quadrantal in form arranged outside of and covering a portion of the circumference of the wheel, said shield turningloosely around the latter, so that as the speed of the wheel increases it will be caused to partly cover that portion of the wheel where the wind strikes, as set forth.

6. In a windmill, the combination, with the tower and main shaft, of the wind-wheel fixed onA the shaft, a shield turning on the shaft around the circumference of the wheel, and a governor acting automatically by t-he revolution of the shaft to cause the shifting of the shield to any point of the circumference, as set forth.

7. In a windmill, the combination, with the tower and main shaft, of the wind-wheel, a shield turning around the circumference of the wheel, a large vane'connecting with the shield, and a smaller vane arranged at an angle to the larger vane,`whereby when the large vane has been carried around to its limit of movement the small vane will come into action to receive the direct force of the wind, so as to carrythe shield around to cover the wheel, as set forth.

8. In a windmill, the combination, with the tower and main shaft, of the wind-wheel, a shield turning around the circumference of the same, a vane connecting with the shield, a governor for operating the vane, and means, substantially as described, for causing the return of the vane to its normal position, as set forth.

9. In a windmill, the combination, with the tower and main shaft, of the wind-wheel, a shield turning around the circumference of the same, a vane connecting with the shield,

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and a governor for operating the vane, as set i forth.

10. In a windmill, the combination, with the tower and main shaft, of the wind-wheel, a shield for the same, a vane connecting with the shield and carrying a smaller vane, means for returning the varies to their original positions, and a governor connecting with the aforesaid vanes, as set forth.

ll. In a Windmill, the con1bination,with the main shaft, ofthe Wind-Wheel, a shield for the same, a vane connecting with the shieldv and arranged to turn the same around to partlyT cover that portion of the wheel where the Wind strikes, anddevices for returning the vane to its original position, as set forth.

l2. In a Windmill, the combinatiomwith the tower and main shaft, of the wind-wheel, a sleeve or hub Working on the shaft and having a series of arms, a shield attached to a pair ot' the arms, a vane turning on one of the other arms, a casing attached to the remaining arm,

Yand a Weightmoving in the casing and connecting with the vane, as set forth.

13. In a windmill, the combinatiomwith the tower and main shaft, of the wind-Wheel, a sleeve or hub Working on the shaft and having a series of arms, a shield attached to a pair of the arms, and a vane turning on the other and having a weighted rope connecting with the remaining arm, as set forth.

14. In a Windmill, the combination,with the tower and main shaft, of the Wind-Wheel, a shield Working around the circumference of the same, a pivoted vane connecting with the shield, a casing or chamber, also connecting With the shield, a Weight moving in the casing, and having a rope which is attached to the vane, means for limiting the movement of the vane in either direction, and a governor connecting by intermediate devices with the vane, as set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto affixed my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

GEORGE HENRY POE. 

